Laurel Fitzhugh

The Veto Queen Story Is Missing Its First Three Chapters

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Arizona voters will hear that Katie Hobbs vetoed 401 bills. That number is real. The context behind it — the audit that cost taxpayers at least $8.6 million, the structural reasons Arizona was targeted, and the wealth extraction agenda those vetoes blocked — is the part the attack ads leave out.

No Market, No Attention: Pernicious Anemia and the Cost of Invisibility

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Pernicious anemia is one of the clearest cases in contemporary medicine where everything required for good outcomes exists — the diagnostic tools, the treatment, the evidence base — and the outcomes remain poor anyway. The gap between what medicine knows and what medicine does is not a gap in knowledge.

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History and Misdiagnosis of Pernicious Anemia

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How a 19th-Century Disease Model Still Shapes Modern Care Pernicious anemia has been misunderstood since it was first described. That misunderstanding did not persist because of a lack of scientific progress, but because early observations hardened into a disease model that medicine never fully revised. The result is a condition that remains misdiagnosed, underdiagnosed, and … Read more

Medicine’s Three Ways of Being Wrong

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Modern medicine has a reputation for conservatism — slow to accept new ideas, protective of existing paradigms, resistant to challenges from outside the mainstream. That reputation is earned, but it understates the problem. Outright rejection of valid ideas is only one of three distinct mechanisms by which medicine fails its own stated mission. The other two are quieter, carry more institutional cover, and may do more cumulative damage.

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Why Do I Feel Worse After Starting B12 Treatment?

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After years of symptoms and possibly decades of misdiagnosis, starting B12 injections should bring relief. Sometimes, though, people feel worse instead of better. For many people, it feels like “two steps forward, one step back.”

Possible Explanations

About 10% of people notice their symptoms intensify in the first few weeks after starting B12 treatment. For some people, symptoms like tingling, burning, or shooting nerve pain may increase. Others notice brain fog, agitation, or mood changes. Several explanations for this pattern have been proposed. None has been confirmed by direct research.

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B12 Beyond the Basics: Cellular Resistance and Functional Deficiencies

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Vitamin B12 is essential to DNA synthesis, red blood cell formation, neurological integrity, and methylation — the process by which the body converts homocysteine to methionine. Deficiency at any of these levels can produce serious and, if uncorrected, permanent damage: megaloblastic anemia, peripheral neuropathy, spinal cord degeneration, cognitive impairment, and psychiatric symptoms that are frequently misattributed to primary mental illness.

The problem facing both patients and clinicians is that B12-related illness is not a single condition with a single cause. Pernicious anemia (PA) — the best-known cause of B12 deficiency — results from an autoimmune failure of absorption. But a growing body of evidence describes a different category of B12-related illness in which absorption is intact and blood B12 levels appear normal, yet symptoms of deficiency persist. This second category, sometimes called B12 resistance or cellular resistance, reflects failures in transport, cellular uptake, or intracellular conversion after B12 has entered the bloodstream.

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The Overton Window: Satire Gets Deleted and Extremism Doesn’t

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The Overton Window: Satire Gets Deleted and Extremism Doesn’t

I once reposted a meme showing a hospital patient in an ICE mask with the caption “ICE agents still hospitalized after being shot with cell phone.” It was funny.

Facebook deleted it, and I’ve discovered this is common. Reports from civil liberties and digital rights groups show this is a real pattern: content critical of ICE routinely disappears from major platforms.

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