PHYSICIAN REFERENCE: Recognizing and Preventing Irreversible Neurological Damage

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Pernicious Anemia: Recognizing and Preventing Irreversible Neurological Damage

Quick Reference for Physicians

‏Pernicious Anemia

Pernicious anemia causes vitamin B12 deficiency that results in neurological impairment. In 30% of cases, it occurs without anemia or macrocytosis. Neuropsychiatric symptoms frequently represent the initial manifestation and include depression, anxiety, paresthesia, gait disturbances, and cognitive impairment. Despite its name suggesting anemia as the primary feature, neurological complications often precede and may occur independently of hematological abnormalities.

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What Stops People from Getting Well?

People with pernicious anemia often resist treatment even though the long term neurological and health consequences are horrible. This article examines the psychological, cognitive, and systemic barriers that delay care—and how those barriers compound neurological damage over time.