Chapter 31 — Metagenomic Data

This chapter consolidates the primary shotgun metagenomic outputs used throughout the book. The values are presented without interpretation; they serve as the dataset reference for all ecological and mechanistic reasoning in Parts I–IV.

Two full shotgun metagenomic datasets form the empirical foundation:

  • Dataset 1: August 2024
  • Dataset 2: September 2025

Both include taxonomic composition, functional pathways, SCFA potential, bile-acid conversion metrics, and guild-level ecological indicators.


1. High-Level Phylum Composition

August 2024

Phylum Relative Abundance
Proteobacteria 86.7%
Firmicutes Depressed
Bacteroidetes Low
Actinobacteria Low
Verrucomicrobia Present at low levels
Others Trace

September 2025

Phylum Relative Abundance
Proteobacteria 79.24%
Firmicutes Depressed
Bacteroidetes Low
Actinobacteria Low
Verrucomicrobia Minor increase
Others Trace

2. Family-Level Composition

August 2024

Family Relative Abundance
Enterobacteriaceae 81.9%
Bacteroidaceae Reduced
Lachnospiraceae Near-zero
Ruminococcaceae Near-zero
Streptococcaceae Low
Veillonellaceae Low
Akkermansiaceae Low
Others Trace

September 2025

Family Relative Abundance
Enterobacteriaceae 72.51%
Bacteroidaceae Reduced
Lachnospiraceae Near-zero
Ruminococcaceae Near-zero
Streptococcaceae Low
Veillonellaceae Low
Akkermansiaceae Low/modest presence
Others Trace

3. Genus- and Species-Level Highlights

These values represent dominant or ecologically significant taxa.

Low-abundance commensals are omitted unless ecologically relevant.

Dominant Taxa

  • Escherichia/Shigella group: dominant
  • Klebsiella spp.: elevated
  • Enterobacter spp.: elevated

Depressed Anaerobic Guilds

  • Faecalibacterium prausnitzii: near-zero
  • Roseburia spp.: near-zero
  • Eubacterium spp.: near-zero
  • Butyrivibrio spp.: absent
  • Anaerostipes spp.: absent

Mucin-Linked Taxa

  • Akkermansia spp.: low, intermittent
  • Mucin-degrading pathobionts: relatively increased due to exposure of mucin niches

Opportunistic or Reactive Taxa

  • Enterococcus spp.: low but persistent
  • Streptococcus spp.: modest presence
  • Veillonella spp.: present at low levels

4. Functional Pathways (Raw Scores)

Functional outputs are reported exactly as defined in the dataset.

SCFA Production Potential

Pathway Percentile/Status
Butyrate synthesis (combined pathways) 20–30th percentile
Acetate pathways Depressed
Propionate pathways Depressed
Cross-feeding network potential Severely impaired

Bile-Acid Conversion

Function Status
BSH (bile salt hydrolase) Low
7α-dehydroxylation Near-absent
Primary → secondary conversion Severely impaired

Redox and Oxygen Handling

Indicator Status
Facultative anaerobe metabolic pathways Extremely high
Obligate anaerobe pathways Severely suppressed
Nitrate-reduction pathways Elevated
Oxidative-stress pathways Overrepresented

Mucin and Barrier-Related Functions

Function Status
Mucin-degrading enzymes Elevated relative influence
Mucin-repair–associated microbes Depressed
Barrier-supporting guilds Absent or minimal

5. Ecological Guild Summary

Anaerobic SCFA Producers

  • Severely reduced
  • Minimal detectable butyrate-producing capacity

Cross-Feeding Guilds

  • Disconnected
  • Absent second-stage butyrate producers
  • Poor acetate → butyrate conversion

Biofilm Guilds

  • Strong biofilm-forming Enterobacteriaceae dominance
  • No balancing anaerobic biofilm guilds

Mucin-Interacting Guilds

  • Commensal mucin consumers suppressed
  • Pathobionts exploiting exposed mucin niches elevated

6. Diversity Metrics

Metric August 2024 September 2025
Alpha diversity Low Low
Beta diversity (shift) Minor shift Pathobiont-dominant pattern maintained
Ecological redundancy Collapsed Collapsed

7. Summary Tables

Primary Ecological Pressures Identified

Pressure Evidence Source
Pathobiont dominance Proteobacteria 86.7% → 79.24%
Reduced SCFA potential Butyrate 20–30th percentile
Impaired bile conversion Low BSH, absent 7α-dehydroxylation
Mucin-layer erosion Guild suppression + elevated mucin-degrading enzymes
Oxygen-tension disruption Loss of anaerobes + elevated facultative pathways
Biofilm stabilization Enterobacteriaceae biofilm guild dominance

8. Notes on Data Handling

  • All values are presented as-is from the two available timepoints.
  • Values labeled “Depressed” indicate measurable presence but below normative ecological thresholds.
  • Part II (Ch-10) details the evidence-stratification rules governing interpretation of these data.